As school psychologists, we are often tasked with identifying and supporting students who are struggling in school. Two terms that come up frequently in our work are “socially maladjusted” and “emotional disability.” While both terms refer to students who are experiencing significant difficulties in social and emotional functioning, there are important differences between the two. Understanding these differences is essential for accurately identifying and providing effective support for students.
Social maladjustment may be caused by a variety of factors
What is Socially Maladjusted?
Social maladjustment is a term used to describe students who are experiencing difficulties in social relationships. These difficulties may manifest as aggressiveness, bullying, social isolation, or other behaviors that make it difficult for students to form positive relationships with peers or adults. Social maladjustment may be caused by a variety of factors, including a history of trauma, a lack of social skills, or a difficult home life. It is important to note that social maladjustment is not a formal diagnosis, but rather a term used to describe a behavior pattern.
What is Emotional Disability?
Emotional disability, on the other hand, refers to a condition in which a student has significant difficulties regulating emotions. This may manifest as extreme anxiety, depression, mood swings, or other emotional states that interfere with the ability to function academically or socially. Emotional disability is a formal diagnosis that requires a comprehensive evaluation by a qualified mental health professional.
What are the Differences?
While both socially maladjusted and emotionally disabled students may struggle with social and emotional functioning, there are important differences between the two. Socially maladjusted students may struggle with social relationships, but their difficulties are typically related to behavior patterns rather than an underlying emotional disorder. Emotionally disabled students, on the other hand, have a diagnosed disorder that requires specialized treatment and support. These students may struggle with social relationships, but their difficulties are rooted in their emotional state.
Another key difference between the two is the level of impairment. Socially maladjusted students may exhibit problematic behaviors, but they are often able to function academically and socially in some capacity. Emotionally disabled students, on the other hand, may have significant difficulty functioning in academic and social settings. They may require more intensive support, such as therapy or specialized education services.
As school psychologists, we play a critical role in identifying and supporting students who are struggling with social and emotional functioning. Understanding the differences between socially maladjusted and emotionally disabled students is essential for accurately identifying these students and providing effective support and treatment. Whether a student is struggling with problematic behavior patterns or a diagnosed emotional disorder, our job is to provide the necessary resources and support to help them succeed in school and beyond.
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